1. Crankshaft (发动机曲轴 - Fādòngjī qūzhóu)

Definition: A rotating shaft which converts reciprocating linear motion of the pistons into rotational motion. Installation: Located in the engine block, at the heart of the engine. Example: Caterpillar C15 Crankshaft, Part Number: 294-1749 (Used in Caterpillar E320D Excavator).

2. Turbocharger (涡轮增压器 - Wōlún zēngyāqì)

Definition: A forced induction device that increases an engine's power output by forcing extra compressed air into the combustion chamber. Installation: Attached to the exhaust manifold and intake system. Example: Cummins HE300VG Turbocharger, Part Number: 3536724 (Used in Cummins engines for heavy trucks).

3. Oil Cooler (机油散热器 - Jīyóu sànrè qì)

Definition: A radiator-like device that helps to cool engine oil, preventing overheating and maintaining lubrication properties. Installation: Typically located near the engine block or radiator, in the oil circulation system. Example: CAT C15 Oil Cooler, Part Number: 133-0125 (Used in Caterpillar C15 engines in various construction equipment).

4. Injector (喷油器 - Pēnyóuqì)

Definition: A component that delivers fuel into the engine's combustion chamber at high pressure. Installation: Mounted on the cylinder head, directly injecting fuel into each cylinder. Example: Isuzu 6HK1 Injector, Part Number: 8976097896 (Used in Isuzu 6HK1-TCS engines common in trucks and machinery).

5. Hydraulic Pump (液压泵 - Yèyā bèng)

Definition: A mechanical source of power that converts mechanical power into hydraulic energy (hydrostatic energy). Installation: Usually located near the engine and connected to the hydraulic system. Example: Hyundai R320-7 Excavator Oil Pump, Part Number: 3948072 (Used in Hyundai R320-7 Excavators).

6. Air Filter (空气滤芯 - Kōngqì lǜxīn)

Definition: A filter that cleans the air entering the engine, removing dust, pollen, and other particulate matter. Installation: Housed in the air intake system, typically in an air filter box. Example: Komatsu D275A Bulldozer Air Filter, Part Number: 6128-81-7042 (Used in Komatsu D275A Bulldozers).

7. Pressure Sensor (压力传感器 - Yālì chuángǎnqì)

Definition: A device that measures pressure and converts it into an electrical signal. Used for monitoring oil pressure, intake pressure, etc. Installation: Screwed into ports on the engine block, manifolds, or hydraulic lines. Example: Volvo TAD720VE Intake Pressure Sensor, Part Number: 20524936 (Used in Volvo TAD720VE engines).

8. Solenoid Valve (电磁阀 - Diàncí阀)

Definition: An electromechanically operated valve controlled by an electric current, used in hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Installation: Integrated into hydraulic valve blocks or manifolds. Example: HYDAC Solenoid Valve SV98-T39S, Part Number: 580037013 (Used in various hydraulic systems in machinery).

9. Thermostat (恒温器 - Héngwēn qì)

Definition: A temperature-sensitive valve that regulates the flow of coolant in an engine's cooling system to maintain optimal operating temperature. Installation: Located within the engine's coolant passage, usually near the water pump outlet. Example: Isuzu Engine Thermostat Assembly, Part Number: 1831610330 (Used in Isuzu engines in trucks and machinery).

10. Magnetic Relay (磁力继电器 - Cílì jì电器)

Definition: An electrically operated switch that uses an electromagnet to control a circuit, often used for starting motors or controlling high current circuits. Installation: Typically found in electrical control boxes or near the starter motor. Example: Original Factory Motor Magnetic Relay, Part Number: 24524-10D (Used in various automotive and machinery electrical systems).